The Effect of Testosterone on Serum Lipid Profiles, Glucose, Insulin and Leptin: A Experimental Study Based Animal Model

Testosterone and Serum Lipid Profiles, Glucose, Insulin and Leptin

Authors

  • Adere Akhtar Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
  • Tooba Sohbatzadeh Student Research Committee, School of medicine, Alborz University of Medical Science, Alborz, Iran
  • Ramina Fazeli Student Research Committee, School of medicine, Alborz University of Medical Science, Alborz, Iran
  • Gholamhossein Ranjbar Omrani Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran
  • Melika Shojaei Endocrine and Metabolism Research Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Nemazee Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31661/gmj.v13i.3355

Keywords:

Leptin; Testosterone; Insulin; Lipid Profile; Glucose

Abstract

Background: Disruption in the endocrine system can cause many diseases. Based on this, the imbalance of sex hormones such as testosterone can change many serum factors. In this study, we examined the effect of testosterone on leptin levels, lipid profiles, and ultimately insulin resistance. Materials and Methods: Twenty one adult rats were divided into three groups of 7, including control group (C), olive oil group (O), and olive oil and testosterone group (OT). In the O and OT groups, they received olive oil and olive oil in combination with testosterone injection at the dose of 2 mg/kg/day, respectively. To evaluate the effects of hormonal imbalance on insulin resistance, various parameters such as leptin, triglyceride, cholesterol, glucose, and insulin were assessed. Results: The results showed that Triglyceride (TG) and insulin levels were higher in the OT group compared to the other two groups (P<0.05). In contrast, leptin and cholesterol levels were higher in group C compared to the other two groups (P<0.05) and glucose levels were higher in group O compared to the other two groups (P=0.01). Conclusion: In general, it can be said that testosterone can change serum lipid profiles, leptin, insulin, and glucose.

References

Lemieux I, Després JP. Metabolic Syndrome: Past, Present and Future. Nutrients. 2020 Nov 14;12(11):3501.

https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12113501

PMid:33202550 PMCid:PMC7696383

Bovolini A, Garcia J, Andrade MA, Duarte JA. Metabolic Syndrome Pathophysiology and Predisposing Factors. Int J Sports Med. 2021 Mar;42(3):199-214.

https://doi.org/10.1055/a-1263-0898

PMid:33075830

Hoe KK, Han TL, Saint Hoe TH. Hypoglycemic agents and prognostic outcomes of chronic kidney disease patients with type 2 diabetes. J Nephropathol. 2023;12(3):17294.

https://doi.org/10.34172/jnp.2022.17294

Salehi MR, Ghaemi M, Masoumi S, Azadnajafabad S, Norooznezhad AH, Vahdani FG, et al. Comparative Analysis of Corticosteroid Therapy in Pregnant Women with COVID-19: Evaluating Glycemic Control and Transient Hyperglycemia. Fertility, Gynecology and Andrology. 2023;3(1): e142142.

https://doi.org/10.5812/fga-142142

Silveira Rossi JL, Barbalho SM, Reverete de Araujo R, Bechara MD, Sloan KP, Sloan LA. Metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular diseases: Going beyond traditional risk factors. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2022 Mar;38(3):e3502.

https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3502

PMid:34614543

Chang E, Patel B. Role of Hormonal Imbalance in the Pathogenesis of Metabolic Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review. Advances in Human Physiology Research. 2024;5(1):15912.

Marzban M, Bahrami M, Kamalinejad M, Tahamtan M, Khavasi N, Haji M. The therapeutic effects of chicory seed aqueous extract on cardio-metabolic profile and liver enzymes in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease; a double blind randomized clinical trial. Immunopathol Persa. 2022;x(x):e28262.

https://doi.org/10.34172/ipp.2022.28262

Borna S, Ashrafzadeh M, Ghaemi M, Eshraghi N, Hivechi N, Hantoushzadeh S. Correlation between PAPP-A serum levels in the first trimester of pregnancy with the occurrence of gestational diabetes, a multicenter cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023 Dec 11;23(1):847.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12884-023-06155-7

PMid:38082246 PMCid:PMC10712163

Gluvic Z, Zaric B, Resanovic I, Obradovic M, Mitrovic A, Radak D, Isenovic ER. Link between Metabolic Syndrome and Insulin Resistance. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2017;15(1):30-39.

https://doi.org/10.2174/1570161114666161007164510

PMid:27748199

Aledan H, Saadi SJ, Rasheed J. Evaluation of effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors on estimated glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria and weight in diabetic kidney disease: A prospective cohort study. J Renal Inj Prev. 2023;12(3):e32062-e.

https://doi.org/10.34172/jrip.2023.32062

Naeiji Z, Gargar SS, Pooransari P, Rahmati N, Mirzamoradi M, Eshraghi N, Ghaemi M, Arbabzadeh T, Masoumi M, Shamsinezhad BB, Omidi Kermanshahaninejad S. Association between fetal liver diameter and glycemic control in pregnant women with gestational diabetes: A pilot study. Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2023 Sep;17(9):102853.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102853

PMid:37714052

Gao Y-H, Zhao C-W, Liu B, Dong N, Ding L, Li Y-R, et al. An update on the association between metabolic syndrome and osteoarthritis and on the potential role of leptin in osteoarthritis. Cytokine. 2020;129:155043.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155043

PMid:32078923

Yun JE, Kimm H, Jo J, Jee SH. Serum leptin is associated with metabolic syndrome in obese and nonobese Korean populations. Metabolism. 2010;59(3):424-9.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2009.08.012

PMid:19846168

Fabian UA, Charles-Davies MA, Fasanmade AA, Olaniyi JA, Oyewole OE, Owolabi MO, et al. Male Sexual Dysfunction, Leptin, Pituitary and Gonadal Hormones in Nigerian Males with Metabolic Syndrome and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Reprod Infertil. 2016;17(1):17-25.

Rao PM, Kelly DM, Jones TH. Testosterone and insulin resistance in the metabolic syndrome and T2DM in men. Nat Rev Endocrinol. 2013 Aug;9(8):479-93.

https://doi.org/10.1038/nrendo.2013.122

PMid:23797822

Kurniawan LB, Adnan E; Windarwati; Mulyono B. Insulin resistance and testosterone level in Indonesian young adult males. Rom J Intern Med. 2020 Jun 1;58(2):93-98.

https://doi.org/10.2478/rjim-2020-0004

PMid:32134740

Council NR, Earth Do, Studies L, Research IfLA, Care CftUotGft, Animals UoL. Guide for the care and use of laboratory animals. National research concil: 8th edition; 2010.

Zhao Z, Shi A, Wang Q, Zhou J. High oleic acid peanut oil and extra virgin olive oil supplementation attenuate metabolic syndrome in rats by modulating the gut microbiota. Nutrients. 2019;11(12):3005.

https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11123005

PMid:31817909 PMCid:PMC6950752

Gupta AK, Jain SK. A study to evaluate surrogate markers of insulin resistance in forty euglycemic healthy subjects. J Assoc Physicians India. 2004 Jul;52:549-53.

Gucenmez S, Yildiz P, Donderici O, Serter R. The effect of testosterone level on metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study. Hormones. 2024;23(1):163-9.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s42000-023-00507-w

PMid:37981619

Canguven O, Talib R, El Ansari W, Yassin DJ, Salman M, Al-Ansari A. Testosterone therapy has positive effects on anthropometric measures, metabolic syndrome components (obesity, lipid profile, Diabetes Mellitus control), blood indices, liver enzymes, and prostate health indicators in elderly hypogonadal men. Andrologia. 2017;49(10):e12768.

https://doi.org/10.1111/and.12768

PMid:28295504

Groti K, Žuran I, Antonič B, Foršnarič L, Pfeifer M. The impact of testosterone replacement therapy on glycemic control, vascular function, and components of the metabolic syndrome in obese hypogonadal men with type 2 diabetes. Aging Male. 2018 Sep;21(3):158-169.

https://doi.org/10.1080/13685538.2018.1468429

PMid:29708829

Filippi S, Vignozzi L, Morelli A, Chavalmane AK, Sarchielli E, Fibbi B, Saad F, Sandner P, Ruggiano P, Vannelli GB, Mannucci E, Maggi M. Testosterone partially ameliorates metabolic profile and erectile responsiveness to PDE5 inhibitors in an animal model of male metabolic syndrome. J Sex Med. 2009 Dec;6(12):3274-88.

https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1743-6109.2009.01467.x

PMid:19732305

Kelly DM, Akhtar S, Sellers DJ, Muraleedharan V, Channer KS, Jones TH. Testosterone differentially regulates targets of lipid and glucose metabolism in liver, muscle and adipose tissues of the testicular feminised mouse. Endocrine. 2016;54:504-15.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-016-1019-1

PMid:27488580 PMCid:PMC5083771

Vojnović Milutinović D, Teofilović A, Veličković N, Brkljačić J, Jelača S, Djordjevic A, et al. Glucocorticoid signaling and lipid metabolism disturbances in the liver of rats treated with 5α-dihydrotestosterone in an animal model of polycystic ovary syndrome. Endocrine. 2021;72:562-72.

https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-020-02600-1

PMid:33449293

Khodamoradi K, Khosravizadeh Z, Seetharam D, Mallepalli S, Farber N, Arora H. The role of leptin and low testosterone in obesity. Int J Impot Res. 2022 Nov;34(7):704-713.

https://doi.org/10.1038/s41443-022-00534-y

PMid:35102263

Downloads

Published

2024-08-11

Issue

Vol. 13 (2024): 2024: In Progress

Section

Original Article

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Galen Medical Journal

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/