Impact of Wearable Technology on Heart Failure Management
Wearable Technology in Heart Failure Management
Keywords:
Heart failure; myocardial infarction; Wearable Technology; biosensor; monitoring; Smartwatch; artificial intelligenceAbstract
Background: Heart failure (HF) is a chronic and progressive condition that its management presents significant challenges in both clinical settings and patient self-care. Recent advances in wearable technology offer promising solutions to these challenges by enabling continuous monitoring, early detection of clinical deterioration, and personalized care. This review aims to critically evaluate the impact of wearable technology on HF management. Methods and Materials: This narrative systematic review was conducted across multiple databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library, to identify relevant studies published between 2010 and 2024. Studies on wearable devices for HF management and monitoring were included if they reported on clinical trials and provided data on integration into clinical workflows. Studies on other conditions or without original research data or Non-English papers were excluded. Results: Nine studies were evaluated in this study that were focusing on a variety of technologies ranging from consumer-grade fitness trackers to specialized bioimpedance sensors and wearable cardioverter-defibrillators. These studies demonstrate the potential of wearables to continuously monitor important health metrics, which can lead to early intervention and personalized care. However, there are still challenges to be addressed, including concerns about data accuracy, patient adherence, small sample sizes, and the incorporation of wearable data into clinical practice. While consumer devices are more accessible, their accuracy in a clinical setting is uncertain, while more advanced devices like the "Volum" monitor and BioZ sensors show promise but require further validation. Conclusions: This review highlights the growing importance of wearable technologies in HF management, actionable insights that can prevent disease progression. However, significant challenges remain, including the need for further validation, device optimization, and data standardization before routine clinical practice. Future advancements should focus on improving device accuracy, patient adherence, and data security, while ensuring equitable access to these technologies.
References
Jayaraj J, Davatyan K, Subramanian S, Priya J. Epidemiology of Myocardial Infarction. Myocardial Infarction. 2018;
gabriel-costa D. The pathophysiology of myocardial infarction-induced heart failure. Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology. 2018;25 4:277–84.
Hughes A, Shandhi M, Master H, Dunn J, Brittain E. Wearable Devices in Cardiovascular Medicine. Circulation Research. 2023;132:652–70.
Reeder KM, Ercole P, Peek G, Smith CE. Symptom Perceptions and Self-care Behaviors in Patients Who Self-manage Heart Failure. The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. 2015;30:E1–7.
Wakefield B, Groves PS, Drwal KR, Scherubel M, Kaboli P. Evaluation of Feasibility of 2 Novel Heart Failure Monitoring Instruments to Facilitate Patient Recognition of Symptoms. The Journal of Cardiovascular Nursing. 2016;31:42–52.
Rohrer U, Manninger M, Zirlik A, Scherr D. Multiparameter Monitoring with a Wearable Cardioverter Defibrillator. Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) [Internet]. 2021;
Bayoumy K, Gaber MA, Elshafeey A, Mhaimeed O, Dineen EH, Marvel F, et al. Smart wearable devices in cardiovascular care: where we are and how to move forward. Nature Reviews Cardiology. 2021;18:581–99.
Deng Z, Guo L, Chen X, Wu W. Smart Wearable Systems for Health Monitoring. Sensors [Internet]. 2023;23 5.
Xintarakou A, Sousonis V, Asvestas D, Vardas P, Tzeis S. Remote Cardiac Rhythm Monitoring in the Era of Smart Wearables: Present Assets and Future Perspectives. Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2022;9.
Olgin J, Pletcher M, Vittinghoff E, Sweeney M. Wearable Cardioverter Defibrillator: New Paradigms for Heart Failure Management. Journal of the American College of Cardiology [Internet]. 2022;79.
Singhal A, Cowie M. The Role of Wearables in Heart Failure. Current Heart Failure Reports. 2020;17:125–32.
Gautam N, Ghanta SN, Mueller J, Mansour MM, Chen Z, Puente C, et al. Artificial Intelligence, Wearables and Remote Monitoring for Heart Failure: Current and Future Applications. Diagnostics [Internet]. 2022;12.
Grant MJ, Booth A. A typology of reviews: an analysis of 14 review types and associated methodologies. Health Information & Libraries Journal. 2009;26(2):91–108.
Page MJ, McKenzie JE, Bossuyt PM, Boutron I, Hoffmann TC, Mulrow CD, et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: an updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ. 2021 Mar 29;n71.
Mehta S, Mehta N, Tang WH, Young J. Cardiologists’ Perception of Wearable Device Data in Patients with Heart Failure. JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE. 2024 Aug 22;35(3):940–1.
Lee S, Squillace G, Smeets C, Vandecasteele M, Grieten L, de Francisco R, et al. Congestive Heart Failure Patient Monitoring using Wearable Bio-impedance Sensor Technology. In IEEE; 2024. p. 438–41.
Scagliusi SF, Delano M, Pérez P, Martín D, Huertas G, Olmo A, et al. A Novel Wearable Device for Continuous Bioimpedance Monitoring in Congestive Heart Failure Patients. In: 2023 International Workshop on Impedance Spectroscopy (IWIS). 2023. p. 85–90.
Olgin JE, Lee BK, Vittinghoff E, Morin DP, Zweibel S, Rashba E, et al. Impact of wearable cardioverter-defibrillator compliance on outcomes in the VEST trial: As-treated and per-protocol analyses. J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2020;31(5):1009--1018.
Just C, Maurer C, Strueber M, Machleit A, Schmidt R. Safety and Feasibility of Myosuit Wearable Exoskeleton in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. European Journal of Heart Failure [Internet]. 2018;20.
Golbus JR, Gosch K, Birmingham MC, Butler J, Lingvay I, Lanfear DE, et al. Association Between Wearable Device Measured Activity and Patient-Reported Outcomes for Heart Failure. JACC-HEART FAILURE. 2024 Aug 22;11(11):1521–30.
Khandwalla RM, Birkeland K, Heywood JT, Steinhubl S, McCague K, Fombu E, et al. Activity Sensors to Evaluate the Effect of Sacubitril/Valsartan on Quality-of-Life in Heart Failure: rational and design of the AWAKE-HF study. ESC Heart Fail. 2019;6(6):1313--1321.
Leclercq C, Witt H, Hindricks G, Katra RP, Albert D, Belliger A, et al. Wearables, telemedicine, and artificial intelligence in arrhythmias and heart failure: Proceedings of the European Society of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Round Table. Europace [Internet]. 2022;
Ip JE. Wearable Devices and Electrocardiogram Use in Cardiovascular Disease Management. Circulation [Internet]. 2019;
Prieto-Avalos G, Cruz-Ramos NA, Alor-Hernández G, Sánchez-Cervantes JL, Rodríguez-Mazahua L, Guarneros-Nolasco L. Wearable Devices for Physical Monitoring of Heart: A Review. Biosensors [Internet]. 2022;12.
Haufe FL, Kober AM, Schmidt K, Sancho-Puchades A, Duarte JE, Wolf P, et al. User-driven walking assistance: first experimental results using the MyoSuit. IEEE Int Conf Rehabil Robot. 2019 Jun;2019:944–9.
Shumba AT, Montanaro T, Sergi I, Bramanti A, Ciccarelli M, Rispoli A, et al. Wearable Technologies and AI at the Far Edge for Chronic Heart Failure Prevention and Management: A Systematic Review and Prospects. SENSORS. 2024 Aug 22;23(15).
Just IA, Fries D, Loewe S, Falk V, Cesarovic N, Edelmann F, et al. Movement therapy in advanced heart failure assisted by a lightweight wearable robot: a feasibility pilot study. ESC Heart Fail. 2022;9(3):1643--1650.
Mizuno A, Changolkar S, Patel MS. Wearable Devices to Monitor and Reduce the Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: Evidence and Opportunities. Annual review of medicine [Internet]. 2020;
Tran V, Riveros C, Ravaud P. Patients’ views of wearable devices and AI in healthcare: findings from the ComPaRe e-cohort. NPJ Digital Medicine [Internet]. 2019;2.
Cilliers L. Wearable devices in healthcare: Privacy and information security issues. Health Information Management Journal. 2020;49:150–6.
Mone V, Shakhlo F. Health Data on the Go: Navigating Privacy Concerns with Wearable Technologies. Legal Information Management. 2023;23:179–88.
Budzik A, Srivastava G, Baza M. Encryption-based Security in Wearable Devices. 2023 IEEE 20th Consumer Communications & Networking Conference (CCNC). 2023;1–6.
Ebrahimabadi M, Younis MF, Lalouani W, Alshaeri A, Karimi N. SWeeT: Security Protocol for Wearables Embedded Devices’ Data Transmission. 2022 IEEE International Conference on E-health Networking, Application & Services (HealthCom). 2022;135–41.
Kim J, Khan S, Wu P, Park S, Park H, Yu C, et al. Self-charging wearables for continuous health monitoring. Nano Energy. 2021;79:105419.
Gui H, Liu J. Latest Progresses in Developing Wearable Monitoring and Therapy Systems for Managing Chronic Diseases. arXiv: Medical Physics. 2018;
Beniwal R, Kalra S, Beniwal NS, Mazumdar H, Singhal AK, Singh SK. Walk-to-Charge Technology: Exploring Efficient Energy Harvesting Solutions for Smart Electronics. Journal of Sensors. 2023;
Xing F, Peng G, Zhang B, Li S, Liang X. Socio-technical barriers affecting large-scale deployment of AI-enabled wearable medical devices among the ageing population in China. Technological Forecasting and Social Change. 2021;166:120609.
Howard M. Wearables, the Marketplace and Efficiency in Healthcare: How Will I Know That You’re Thinking of Me? Philosophy & Technology. 2021;34:1545–68.
Padyab A, Habibipour A. Issues and Adoption Barriers in Wearable Technologies. Int J Technol Diffusion. 2021;12:75–89.
Cabelkova I, Gardanova Z, Neimatov E, Esaulov VI. Spatial accessibility assessment to healthcare facilities: urban and rural areas. E3S Web of Conferences [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2024 Aug 25];
Humayun M, Almufareh M, Al-Quayed F, Alateyah S, Alatiyyah M. Improving Healthcare Facilities in Remote Areas Using Cutting-Edge Technologies. Applied Sciences [Internet]. 2023 ;
Vollbrecht H, Arora V, Otero S, Carey K, Meltzer D, Press V. Evaluating the Need to Address Digital Literacy Among Hospitalized Patients: Cross-Sectional Observational Study. Journal of medical Internet research [Internet]. 2020
Venkatachalam S, Padmavathi T, Vinodh N, Thilagavathi J, Joshi G, Ramachandran G, et al. Analysis of Ethical Issues Associated with Wearable Medical Devices. 2023 5th International Conference on Smart Systems and Inventive Technology (ICSSIT). 2023;17–22.
Volpato L, Carral M del R, Senn N, Delefosse MS. General Practitioners’ Perceptions of the Use of Wearable Electronic Health Monitoring Devices: Qualitative Analysis of Risks and Benefits. JMIR mHealth and uHealth [Internet]. 2020;9.
Seiferth A, Schaarschmidt M. Sharing Personal Health and Fitness Data with Health Insurance Providers: An Empirical Study Considering Trust and Risk. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS). 2020;1–9.
Gidaris C. Surveillance Capitalism, Datafication, and Unwaged Labour: The Rise of Wearable Fitness Devices and Interactive Life Insurance. Surveillance & Society. 2019;17:129–41.
Banerjee S, Hemphill T, Longstreet P. Wearable devices and healthcare: Data sharing and privacy. The Information Society. 2018;34:49–57.
DeClue P. Health Monitoring From Home: Legal Considerations of Wearable Technology in Telemedicine. SMU Science and Technology Law Review [Internet]. 2023;
Banville MC. Resisting Surveillance: Responding to Wearable Device Privacy Policies. In: Proceedings of the 38th ACM International Conference on Design of Communication [Internet]. 2020.
DeVore A, Wosik J, Hernandez AF. The Future of Wearables in Heart Failure Patients. JACC: Heart Failure. 2019;7(11):922–32.
Inan OT, Pouyan MB, Javaid AQ, Dowling S, Etemadi M, Dorier A, et al. Novel Wearable Seismocardiography and Machine Learning Algorithms Can Assess Clinical Status of Heart Failure Patients. Circulation: Heart Failure. 2018;11:e004313.
Rogers J, Bao Z, Lee TW. Wearable Bioelectronics: Opportunities for Chemistry. Accounts of Chemical Research. 2019;52(3):521–2.
Sigfstead S, Cheung C. The Emerging Role of Wearables in Cardiac Care. University of Toronto Medical Journal [Internet]. 2023;
Bekfani T, Fudim M, Cleland JGF, Jorbenadze A, von Haehling S, Lorber A, et al. A current and future outlook on upcoming technologies in remote monitoring of patients with heart failure. European Journal of Heart Failure [Internet]. 2020;23.
Dinh-Le C, Chuang R, Chokshi S, Mann D. Wearable Health Technology and Electronic Health Record Integration: Scoping Review and Future Directions. JMIR mHealth and uHealth [Internet]. 2019;7.
Bowman L, Baras A, Bombien R, Califf RM, Chen Z, Gale CP, et al. Understanding the use of observational and randomized data in cardiovascular medicine. European Heart Journal [Internet]. 2020;
Smuck M, Odonkor CA, Wilt JK, Schmidt N, Swiernik MA. The emerging clinical role of wearables: factors for successful implementation in healthcare. NPJ Digital Medicine [Internet]. 2021;4.
Pevnick JM, Birkeland K, Zimmer R, Elad Y, Kedan I. Wearable technology for cardiology: An update and framework for the future. Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine. 2018;28(2):144–50.
Kozik M, Isakadze N, Martin SS. Mobile health in preventive cardiology: current status and future perspective. Current Opinion in Cardiology. 2021;36:580–8.
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2024 Galen Medical Journal
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
